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软件设计师每日一练试题内容(2021/7/31)
试题1: 装饰器(Decorator)模式用于();外观(Facade)模式用于()。 以下关于增量开发模型的叙述中,不正确的是()。
A.不必等到整个系统开发完成就可以使用
B.可以使用较早的增量构件作为原型,从而获得稍后的增量构件需求
C.优先级最高的服务先交付,这样最重要的服务接受最多的测试
D.有利于进行好的模块划分
E-R模型向关系模型转换时,三个实体之间多对多的联系m:n:p应该转换为一个独立的关系模式,且该关系模式的关键字由()组成。
A.多对多联系的属性
B.三个实体的关键字
C.任意一个实体的关键字
D.任意两个实体的关键字
函数main、f的定义如下所示。调用函数f时,第一个参数采用传值(call by value)方式,第二个参数采用传引用(call by referen)方式,则函数main执行后输出的值为(50)。
以下关于软件测试的叙述中,不正确的是( )。
A.在设计测试用例时应考虑输入数据和预期输出结果
B.软件测试的目的是证明软件的正确性
C.在设计测试用例时,应该包括合理的输入条件
D.在设计测试用例时,应该包括不合理的输入条件
下面关于二叉排序树的叙述,错误的是 ( ) 。
A、对二叉排序树进行中序遍历,必定得到结点关键字的有序序列
B、依据关键字无序的序列建立二叉排序树,也可能构造出单支树
C、若构造二叉排序树时进行平衡化处理,则根结点的左子树结点数与右子树结点数的差值一定不超过 1
D、若构造二叉排序树时进行平衡化处理,则根结点的左子树高度与右子树高度的差值一定不超过 1
Traditional structured analysis techniques focus upon the flow of (1)within a
system. Object-oriented analysis emphasizes the building of real-world models. It examines
requirements from the perspective of the classes and objects found in the vocabulary of
the(2)domain.
Traditional system design method emphasizes the proper and effective structure of a
complex system. Object-oriented design method encompasses the process of object-oriented
decomposition and a (3) for depicting both logical and physical as well as static and
dynamic models of the system under design.
Object-oriented programming is a method of implementation in which programs are organized
as cooperative collections of objects, each of which represents an (4)of some class, and whose classes are all members of a hierarchy of classes united via (5) relationships.
(1)A、control
B、program
C、data
D、reference
(2)A、problem
B、solution
C、data
D、program
(3)A、mark
B、picture
C、symbol
D、notation
(4)A、instance
B、example
C、existence
D、implementation
(5)A、control
B、inheritance
C、inference
D、connection
Software entities are more complex for their size than perhaps any other humanconstruct, because no two parts are alike (at least above the statement level). If they are, wemake the two similar parts into one, a( 71 ), open or closeD. In this respect software systemsdiffer profoundly from computers, buildings, or automobiles, where repeated elements abounD.
Digital computers . are themselves more complex than most things people build;they have very large numbers of states This makes conceiving, describing, and testing them harD. Software systems have orders of magnitude more( 72 )Likewise, a scaling-up of a software entity is not m erely a repetition of the same elementsm larger size; it is necessarily an mcrease in the number of different elements. In most cases, the elements interact with each other in some( 73 )fashion: and the complexity of the wholencreases much more than linearly.
The complexity of software is a(an)( 74 )property, not an accidental one Hencedescriptions of a software entity that abstract away its complexity often abstract away its essence.Mathematics and the physical sciences made great strides for threecenturies by constructingsimplified models of complex phenomena, deriving properties fiom the models, and verifyingthose properties experimentally. This worked because
the complexities( 75 ) in the modelswere not the .essential properties of the phenomena: It does not work when the complexities are the essence.Many of the classical problems of developing software products derive from this essential complexi and its nonlinear uicreases with size. Not only .technical problems but management problems as well come from the coin plexity.
71:
A. task
B.job
C.subroitune
D.Program
72:
A.tstates
B.parts
C.conditions
D.Expressions
73:
A.linear
B; nonlinear
C.Parallel
D.Addititive74:
A surface
B. Outside
C.exterior
D.Essential
75:
A. fixed
B. Included
C.ignored
D.stabilized
将高级语言源程序先转化为一种中间代码是现代编译器的常见处理方式。常用的中间代码有后缀式、( )、树等。
A.前缀码
B.三地址码
C.符号表
D.补码和移码
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