试题1

因使用大量的对象而造成很大的存储开销时，适合采用（ ）模式进行对象共享，以减少对象数量从而达到较少的内存占用并提升性能。
A．组合（Composite）
B．享元（Flyweight）
C．迭代器（Iterator）
D．备忘（Memento）

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试题2

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试题3

Software entities are more complex for their size than perhaps any other humanconstruct, because no two parts are alike （at least above the statement level）. If they are, wemake the two similar parts into one, a（ 71 ）, open or closeD． In this respect software systemsdiffer profoundly from computers, buildings, or automobiles, where repeated elements abound．
Digital computers . are themselves more complex than most things people build;they have very large numbers of states This makes conceiving, describing, and testing them harD． Software systems have orders of magnitude more（ 72 ）than computers do
Likewise, a scaling-up of a software entity is not m erely a repetition of the same elementsm larger size; it is necessarily an mcrease in the number of different elements. In most cases, the elements interact with each other in some（ 73 ）fashion: and the complexity of the wholencreases much more than linearly.
The complexity of software is a（an）（ 74 ）property, not an accidental one Hencedescriptions of a software entity that abstract away its complexity often abstract away its essence.Mathematics and the physical sciences made great strides for threecenturies by constructingsimplified models of complex phenomena, deriving properties fiom the models, and verifyingthose properties experimentally. This worked becausethe complexities（ 75 ） in the modelswere not the .essential properties of the phenomena: It does not work when the complexities are the essence.
Many of the classical problems of developing software products derive from this essential complexi and its nonlinear uicreases with size. Not only .technical problems but management problems as well come from the coin plexity.
A． task
B．job
C．subroitune
D．Program
A．states
B．parts
C．conditions
D．Expressions
A．linear
B. nonlinear
C．Parallel
D．Addititive
A. surface
B． Outside
C．exterior
D．Essential
A． fixed
B． Included
C．ignored
D．stabilized

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试题4

（ ）设计模式最适合用于发布/订阅消息模型，即当订阅者注册一个主题后，此主题有新消息到来时订阅者就会收到通知。
A．适配器（Adapter）
B．通知（Notifier）
C．观察者（Observer）
D．状态（State）

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试题5

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试题6

现有四级指令流水线，分别完成取指、取数、运算、传送结果四步操作。若完成上述操作的时间依次为 9ns、10ns、6ns、8ns，则流水线的操作周期应设计为  （ ）  ns。
A、6
B、8
C、9
D、10

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试题7

在面向对象系统中，用  （ ）  关系表示一个较大的“整体”类包含一个或多个较小的“部分”类。
A、泛化
B、聚合
C、概化
D、合成

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试题8

The Rational Unified Process (RUP) is a software engineering process, which captures many of best practices in modern software development. The notions of  （1）  and scenarios have been proven to be an excellent way to capture function requirements. RUP can be described in two dimensions – time and content. In the time dimension, the software lifecycle is broken into cycles. Each cycle is divided into four consecutive  （2）  which is concluded with a well-defined  （3）  and can be further broken down into  （4）  – a complete development loop resulting in a release of an executable product, a subset of the final product under development, which grows incrementally to become the final system. The content structure refers to the disciplines, which group  （5）  logically by nature.
（1）A、artifacts
B、use-cases
C、actors
D、workers
（2）A、orientations
B、views
C、aspects
D、phases
（3）A、milestone
B、end-mark
C、measure
D、criteria
（4）A、rounds
B、loops
C、iterations
D、circularities
（5）A、functions
B、workflows
C、actions
D、activities

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试题9

在有些程序设计语言中，过程调用和响应调用需执行的代码的绑定直到运行时才进行，这种绑定称为（）。
A．静态绑定
B．动态绑定
C．过载绑定
D．强制绑定

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试题10

以下关于 Cache 的叙述中，正确的是( )
A、在容量确定的情况下，替换算法的时间复杂度是影响 Cache 命中率的关键因素
B、Cache 的设计思想是在合理成本下提高命中率
C、Cache 的设计目标是容量尽可能与主存容量相等
D、CPU 中的 Cache 容量应大于 CPU 之外的 Cache 容量

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